PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: La planta entera, fresca o seca. Generalmente las raíces.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Antirreumática, diurética y astringente.

POSOLOGÍA= Posology: Anginas (estormatitis) e inflamaciones de la boca y garganta. Coger unos 60 g de las sumidades floridas y de hojas frescas, introducir en 1 litro de agua hirviendo y tapar. Dejar enfriar y colar. Agregar 100 g de miel de romero. Se emplea para hacer enjuagues y gárgaras. Para las inflamaciones se repiten los enjuagues 4 o 6 veces al día. Para las anginas se efectúan de 3 a 4 gargarismos al día.

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: La raíz contiene almidón, resinas, goma, aceite esencial, azúcar, tanino, un glucosido flavónico (la anonina), onocerina, ononida y sales minerales, así como principios amargos.

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: Caminos de Santiago.

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs
 
1) The new triterpenoid saponin 3-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1®2)-b-D-xylopyranosyl-(1®2)-b-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-3b,22a-dihydroxyolean-13-en-11-one has been isolated from Ononis spinosa.  The new flavonoid glycoside 3-O-[2-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl]-7-O-b-D-glucopyranosylkaempferol and the new pterocarpan glucoside 3,4-di-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxymedicarpin have been obtained from Ononis vaginalis.  The structures were detd. primarily by NMR spectroscopy.  The assignment of NMR signals was performed by means of 1H-1H COSY, ROESY, TOCSY, HMQC HMQC-COSY and HMBC expts.

2) The roots of Ononis spinosa subsp. leiosperma (Leguminosae) afforded a new glycoside, spinonin (I), possessing a novel skeleton, in addn. to the known isoflavonoid glycoside, ononin [7b-(glucosyloxy)formononetin] (II) and the known pterocarpan, 7-demethoxy-7-D-(glucosyloxy)homopterocarpin (III).  The structure of the new isolate was elucidated by spectral methods including 1H and 13C NMR, COSY, APT, HETCOR, HMBC, NOESY, CD, FABMS, HRMS, EIMS, CIMS, and some chem. reactions.  I was inactive against a no. of human cancer cell lines and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.  I and III showed weak activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas II was active against b-hemolytic Streptococcus.

3) In a survey of medical plants for their influence on the arachidonic acid metab. using bovine neutrophils and platelets as enzyme sources a methanolic root ext. from Ononis spinosa was found to inhibit the 5-lipoxygenase selectively with an IC50 of 7,8 mg/mL.  As active principle the pterocarpan Medicarpin (I) was isolated by means of column chromatog. and characterized by mass and NMR data.  The isoflavonoids Genistein and Rotenone have comparable potencies for the inhibition of the 5-lipoxygenase with IC50 values about 7.7 mM and 9,8 mM, resp. 

Patente extraída del Chemical Abstracts
 
Compositions comprising a skin-lightening resorcinol and a skin darkening agent.      Cochran, Steven; Kizoulis, Menas G.; Southall, Michael; Tyerech, Michael.  (Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., USA).    Can. Pat. Appl.  (2011),     27pp.  CODEN: CPXXEB  CA  2716667  A1  20110402  Patent  written in English.    Application: CA  2010-2716667  20101001.  Priority: US  2009-572650  20091002.  CAN 154:393939    AN 2011:427482    CAPLUS   (Copyright (C) 2011 ACS on SciFinder (R))  

The present invention relates to a compn. comprising a skin-lightening resorcinol and a skin darkening agent.  The compn. may be topically applied to the skin, such as to treat signs of aging.

1) ALFARO, Txumari, Plantas y remedios naturales de los caminos de santiago. Barcelona: B.S.A. 2008, p. 98.

2) SHAKER, Kamel H., et al.  A new triterpenoid saponin from Ononis spinosa and two new flavonoid glycosides from Ononis vaginalis.  Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, B: Chemical Sciences. 2004, vol.59, p.124-128.
 
3) KYRMYZYGUEL, Sueheyla, et al. Spinonin, a Novel Glycoside from Ononis spinosa subsp. leiosperma. Journal of Natural Products. 1997, vol.60, nº4, p.378-381.
 
4) DANNAHARDT, G.; SCHNEIDER, G.; SCHWELL, B.   Identification and 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting potency of medicarpin isolated from roots of Ononis spinosa L.  Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Letters. 1992, vol.2, nº4, p.161-162.